{ "source": "印客邦", "website": "https://www.yinkebang.com", "license": "数据开放引用，请注明来源“印客邦”", "collection": "process", "count": 10, "items": [ { "id": "binding", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/binding/", "name": "装订", "alias": [ "骑马钉", "胶装", "锁线胶装", "精装" ], "type": "后道工艺", "cost_level": "低到高（按装订方式差异大 ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "骑马钉当天到一天，胶装一到两天，精装三到七天", "effect": [ "多页印刷品成册", "不同方式决定翻阅体验和耐用度", "影响页数设计规则" ], "usage": [ "画册", "杂志", "说明书", "书籍", "笔记本", "台历" ], "notes": [ "骑马钉页数必须是4的倍数", "胶装书脊需预留厚度", "跨页图设计需考虑订口损失" ], "summary": "装订是把多页印刷品加工成册的后道工艺，常用方式有骑马钉（40页内经济之选）、无线胶装（书籍标准）、锁线胶装（可摊平耐用）和精装（硬壳最高档），页数和预算决定选择。", "faqs": [ { "q": "骑马钉最多能订多少页？", "a": "取决于纸张克重，经验上限是\"总厚度约2mm\"：157g铜版纸约40页（10张对折），128g约48页。超过后书册合不拢、外页易脱钉，应改胶装。页数必须是4的倍数。" }, { "q": "胶装画册为什么不能完全摊平？", "a": "无线胶装靠书脊胶水固定书页，用力摊平会开胶掉页，所以跨页设计在订口处会\"吃进去\"约5mm。需要完全摊平展示（如作品集、婚纱册）应选锁线胶装或蝴蝶装。" }, { "q": "画册页数怎么数？封面算吗？", "a": "行业以\"P\"计页（一面为1P）。封面通常单独算（封面封底共4P），说\"40P画册\"一般指内页40面。报价时说清\"封面4P+内页40P\"最不容易误会。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "coated-paper", "offset-paper" ], "related_process": [ "lamination", "die-cutting" ], "related_products": [ "brochure", "manual" ], "related_wiki": [], "related_faq": [ "brochure-page-count" ] }, { "id": "box-gluing", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/box-gluing/", "name": "糊盒", "alias": [ "粘盒", "糊盒成型", "粘箱" ], "type": "后道工艺", "cost_level": "低（自动线按千个计费 ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "加一到两天", "effect": [ "模切盒片粘合成型", "决定盒子的成品强度和外观平整度", "自动线支持锁底勾底等结构" ], "usage": [ "彩盒", "药盒", "食品盒", "快递盒", "手提袋粘合" ], "notes": [ "UV上光区域需避开糊口否则粘不牢", "特殊盒型只能手工糊费用高数倍", "糊口宽度标准15mm左右" ], "summary": "糊盒是把模切好的盒片在糊口处上胶粘合成盒的后道工序，自动糊盒机可高速完成直线盒、锁底盒等标准盒型，异形结构需手工糊制，糊口设计的合理性直接决定成盒质量。", "faqs": [ { "q": "为什么我的盒子糊口开胶了？", "a": "最常见原因是糊口处有覆膜、UV光油或油墨——胶水粘不住这些表面。设计规范是糊口区域（约15mm宽条）不印刷、不上光、不覆膜，文件里要给印厂标出糊口位。" }, { "q": "锁底盒和普通插底盒有什么区别？", "a": "插底盒（扣底）四片底板手工互扣，装重物易脱底；锁底盒（自动锁底）底部结构在糊盒机上预折成型，撑开即自动锁定，承重好装配快，是电商和量产包装的主流选择。" }, { "q": "什么盒型必须手工糊？", "a": "天地盖、书型盒（磁吸翻盖）、带内衬结构的异形盒等无法通过直线糊盒机的盒型都需手工，费用是自动糊的数倍。设计高端礼盒时要把手工成型成本纳入预算。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "white-cardboard", "duplex-board", "corrugated-paper" ], "related_process": [ "die-cutting", "lamination" ], "related_products": [ "packaging-box", "paper-bag" ], "related_wiki": [], "related_faq": [ "box-quote-factors" ] }, { "id": "die-cutting", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/die-cutting/", "name": "模切", "alias": [ "刀模", "啤切", "压切" ], "type": "成型工艺", "cost_level": "低到中（刀模费一次性+模切工费 ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "加一天左右（新刀模需制作时间）", "effect": [ "任意异形轮廓成型", "包装盒展开结构成型", "局部镂空开窗" ], "usage": [ "包装盒", "异形卡片", "标签", "手提袋", "折页刀版" ], "notes": [ "新形状需制刀模有一次性费用", "内角需做圆角处理", "模切精度约±0.5mm设计需留容差" ], "summary": "模切是用钢刀排成的刀模在压力下把印刷品切成设计形状的工艺，包装盒的展开结构、异形卡片、镂空开窗都依赖模切，新形状需要制作刀模（一次性费用，可重复使用）。", "faqs": [ { "q": "刀模费是每次都要付吗？", "a": "不是。刀模是物理模具，第一次制作付费后印厂会保存（一般保留1–2年），返单同款直接复用不再收费。改尺寸、改形状则需要新刀模。" }, { "q": "模切和激光切割怎么选？", "a": "批量生产用模切（单件成本极低）；打样、超小批量或超精细镂空用激光切割（无模具费但单件贵且速度慢，边缘略有焦色）。常规流程是激光样确认后开刀模量产。" }, { "q": "为什么我的异形卡边缘有毛边？", "a": "常见原因：刀模用旧变钝、纸张过厚超出单刀能力、形状内角太尖锐。可要求印厂换新刀、改双刀位，设计上把内角改为R≥2mm圆角能显著改善。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "white-cardboard", "corrugated-paper", "self-adhesive-material" ], "related_process": [ "box-gluing", "embossing-debossing" ], "related_products": [ "packaging-box", "label-sticker", "paper-bag" ], "related_wiki": [], "related_faq": [] }, { "id": "embossing-debossing", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/embossing-debossing/", "name": "击凸压凹", "alias": [ "击凸", "压凹", "起鼓", "凹凸压印" ], "type": "表面工艺", "cost_level": "中等（凹凸版费+压印工费 ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "加一到两天（含制版）", "effect": [ "纸面立体浮雕效果", "不加油墨的素压印高级感强", "触觉记忆点突出" ], "usage": [ "名片", "请柬", "礼盒", "书籍封面", "证书", "吊牌" ], "notes": [ "纸张克重建议250g以上", "图形过细或过深易破纸", "背面会有对应的反向痕迹" ], "summary": "击凸压凹是用阴阳模具对纸张加压使图案凸起（击凸）或凹陷（压凹）的成型工艺，可以不带任何油墨做“素压印”，靠光影呈现图案，是高级感最强的纸面工艺之一。", "faqs": [ { "q": "击凸和压凹是两个工艺吗？", "a": "是同一工艺的两个方向：从背面顶起使正面凸起叫击凸（起鼓），从正面压下去叫压凹。一套阴阳模具装反方向即可互换，费用相同，选哪个看设计意图。" }, { "q": "什么是素压印？", "a": "不印刷任何颜色、不烫金，直接在空白纸面击凸或压凹出图案，仅靠光影显形。极简高级，常用于高端名片和请柬，效果好坏高度依赖纸张（厚、松、有纹理的纸最佳）。" }, { "q": "击凸会把纸压破吗？", "a": "设计合理不会。风险点在于：纸太薄（低于200g）、图形边缘太锐利、凸起太高。印厂会根据纸张调整模具深度，精细设计建议先做打样确认。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "specialty-paper", "white-cardboard" ], "related_process": [ "hot-stamping", "texture-embossing" ], "related_products": [ "brochure", "packaging-box" ], "related_wiki": [], "related_faq": [] }, { "id": "hot-stamping", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/hot-stamping/", "name": "烫金", "alias": [ "烫印", "烫金烫银", "热烫" ], "type": "表面工艺", "cost_level": "中高（版费100–500元+烫工按面积 ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "加一到两天（含制版）", "effect": [ "金属光泽无法被印刷替代", "强烈的高级感与仪式感", "可做多色电化铝和全息效果" ], "usage": [ "名片", "请柬", "礼盒", "酒标", "画册封面", "证书" ], "notes": [ "需要制金属烫版有固定版费", "过细的线条和过大的实地都烫不好", "深色纸上效果最佳" ], "summary": "烫金是借助加热的金属版将电化铝箔转印到承印物表面的工艺，呈现出印刷油墨无法实现的金属光泽，有金、银、镭射等多种箔色，是提升印刷品档次感最直接的工艺。", "faqs": [ { "q": "烫金为什么比印金色贵、好看？", "a": "印刷金墨是含金属粉的油墨，呈现的是“金色的颜色”；烫金转印的是真正的金属箔层，呈现的是“金属的光泽”，反光度完全不同。烫金贵在制版费和逐张烫印的工时。" }, { "q": "烫金最小能做多细的线条？", "a": "常规烫金线条建议不细于0.2mm，反白（镂空）线条不细于0.3mm；小于5pt的文字容易糊版。精细烫金图形需与印厂确认设备精度，或改用数码烫金。" }, { "q": "一件产品能烫两种颜色的金吗？", "a": "可以，每种箔色需要单独制版、单独过机一次，费用约翻倍。金+红、金+全息银是常见组合。也可考虑一次成型的多色全息电化铝，但图案位置受箔带限制。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "white-cardboard", "specialty-paper" ], "related_process": [ "embossing-debossing", "spot-uv" ], "related_products": [ "brochure", "packaging-box" ], "related_wiki": [], "related_faq": [ "hot-stamping-cost" ] }, { "id": "lamination", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/lamination/", "name": "覆膜", "alias": [ "过塑", "裱膜", "覆亮膜", "覆哑膜" ], "type": "表面工艺", "cost_level": "低（约0.3–0.6元/㎡ ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "加半天到一天", "effect": [ "提升耐磨防水性", "亮膜增艳哑膜增质感", "增加纸张挺度", "防止深色实地折口爆色" ], "usage": [ "画册封面", "包装盒", "名片", "手提袋", "书籍封面" ], "notes": [ "覆膜后无法再胶印", "低克重纸覆单面膜易卷曲", "环保要求高的项目选预涂膜或改上光" ], "summary": "覆膜是把BOPP等塑料薄膜通过热压贴合到印刷品表面的工艺，分亮膜（提亮增艳）和哑膜（沉稳高级）两种，能显著提升耐磨防水性，是画册封面和包装盒最常用的表面处理。", "faqs": [ { "q": "亮膜和哑膜怎么选？", "a": "亮膜让色彩更鲜艳抢眼，适合促销物料、儿童产品；哑膜降低反光、手感细腻显高级，适合品牌画册、高端包装。行业趋势上，哑膜+局部UV的组合最流行。" }, { "q": "覆膜和过塑是一回事吗？", "a": "印刷行业说的覆膜指批量热裱合工艺（膜与纸永久复合）；文印店的“过塑”是把纸封进塑料袋压合，四边留塑料边。原理类似但设备、效果、场景完全不同。" }, { "q": "覆膜环保吗？可以回收吗？", "a": "覆膜后纸塑复合，回收时需要分离，环保性劣于纯纸。环保诉求高的项目可改用水性上光、UV上光，或选择可降解膜、预涂膜工艺，成本略有上浮。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "coated-paper", "white-cardboard" ], "related_process": [ "varnishing", "spot-uv" ], "related_products": [ "brochure", "packaging-box", "paper-bag" ], "related_wiki": [], "related_faq": [] }, { "id": "spot-color", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/spot-color/", "name": "专色印刷", "alias": [ "潘通色", "PANTONE印刷", "专色墨" ], "type": "印刷方式", "cost_level": "中等（每个专色增加一个色组费用 ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "加半天（调墨与洗车时间）", "effect": [ "品牌色精确一致", "呈现四色无法调出的鲜艳色和金银色", "大面积实地均匀无网点" ], "usage": [ "品牌VI物料", "包装盒", "logo色块", "烟酒包装", "证书" ], "notes": [ "每加一个专色成本上升", "专色难以呈现渐变过渡", "屏幕预览与实际墨色有差异需对色卡" ], "summary": "专色印刷是用预先调配好的专用油墨（通常按PANTONE色号）直接印刷特定颜色的方式，颜色精确稳定、实地均匀，是品牌标准色和四色印不出的高饱和色的解决方案。", "faqs": [ { "q": "什么颜色四色印不出来、必须用专色？", "a": "超出CMYK色域的颜色：高饱和的橙、亮绿、湖蓝、紫罗兰，以及所有金属色（金银）和荧光色。品牌色如果落在这些区域，用四色模拟会明显发闷偏灰。" }, { "q": "专色比四色贵多少？", "a": "每个专色需要单独制版、调墨、占用一个印刷色组，通常按“增加一色”计费。常见方案是“四色+1专色”或纯专色（如双专色简约设计），具体加价按印厂色组计费规则。" }, { "q": "设计文件里专色怎么标？", "a": "在AI/InDesign中使用色板里的PANTONE专色色板填充（颜色类型为“专色”），不要用CMYK近似值替代。导出PDF时保留专色通道，并在印刷说明中注明色号如PANTONE 186C。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "coated-paper", "white-cardboard" ], "related_process": [ "hot-stamping" ], "related_products": [], "related_wiki": [ "cmyk-vs-rgb", "color-difference" ], "related_faq": [ "brand-color-consistency" ] }, { "id": "spot-uv", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/spot-uv/", "name": "局部UV", "alias": [ "局部上光", "UV上光", "逆向UV" ], "type": "表面工艺", "cost_level": "中等（版费+按面积计费 ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "加一天左右", "effect": [ "局部高光与哑面形成对比", "触感上的凸起光滑层", "强调logo图案层次" ], "usage": [ "画册封面", "包装盒", "名片", "邀请函", "书籍护封" ], "notes": [ "必须先覆哑膜再做局部UV对比才明显", "细小文字UV易糊", "逆向UV需专门设备" ], "summary": "局部UV是在印刷品的特定区域涂布UV光油并紫外线瞬间固化的工艺，形成局部高亮、微凸起的光泽层，与哑膜底面形成强烈对比，常用于强调logo、标题和主视觉。", "faqs": [ { "q": "局部UV和满版UV有什么区别？", "a": "满版UV整面上光，作用类似亮膜（提亮保护）；局部UV只在指定图案上光，靠亮哑对比制造设计层次，需要制网版或用喷墨UV设备，是两种目的不同的工艺。" }, { "q": "为什么局部UV要配哑膜？", "a": "局部UV的效果来自“对比”：哑膜底面越哑，UV区域越显亮。直接在亮面纸或亮膜上做局部UV几乎看不出来。行业标准组合就是“覆哑膜+局部UV”。" }, { "q": "局部UV的文件怎么做？", "a": "在设计文件中单独建一个专色图层（常命名UV），把需要上光的图形做成100%单色填充，与印刷图层精确套位。UV图形建议比对应印刷图形外扩0.1mm左右以容忍套位误差。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "coated-paper", "white-cardboard" ], "related_process": [ "lamination", "varnishing", "hot-stamping" ], "related_products": [ "brochure", "packaging-box" ], "related_wiki": [], "related_faq": [] }, { "id": "texture-embossing", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/texture-embossing/", "name": "压纹", "alias": [ "压花", "纹路压印", "皮纹处理" ], "type": "表面工艺", "cost_level": "低到中（通用纹辊免版费 ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "加半天到一天", "effect": [ "整面赋予布纹皮纹等肌理", "用普通纸模拟特种纸质感", "提升触感层次" ], "usage": [ "画册封面", "包装盒", "手提袋", "贺卡", "书籍环衬" ], "notes": [ "压纹后纸张挺度略降", "已印图文会随纹理起伏", "深压纹影响后续烫金平整度" ], "summary": "压纹是让纸张通过雕有纹理的金属辊，在整个纸面压出布纹、皮纹、梨纹等连续肌理的工艺，能用普通铜版纸的价格获得接近特种纸的触感，常用于封面和包装。", "faqs": [ { "q": "压纹和买特种纸哪个划算？", "a": "压纹是“铜版纸价格+压纹工费”，通常比同效果特种纸便宜30%–50%，且可以先印刷后压纹（图文和纹理叠加）。但特种纸的纹理更深邃、带原生色彩，高端项目仍有不可替代性。" }, { "q": "压纹有哪些常见纹路？", "a": "印厂通用纹辊常备：布纹、梨纹（细颗粒）、皮纹、珠玑纹、竹丝纹、金沙纹等数十种。用通用纹辊免制版费，定制专属纹理需雕刻纹辊，费用高，只适合超大批量。" }, { "q": "先印刷还是先压纹？", "a": "绝大多数是先印后压：印刷需要平整纸面，压纹后无法胶印。特殊需求（在已压纹特种纸上印刷）只能丝印或UV喷墨，且效果受纹理影响。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "coated-paper", "specialty-paper" ], "related_process": [ "embossing-debossing", "hot-stamping" ], "related_products": [ "brochure", "paper-bag", "packaging-box" ], "related_wiki": [], "related_faq": [] }, { "id": "varnishing", "url": "https://www.yinkebang.com/process/varnishing/", "name": "上光", "alias": [ "过油", "上光油", "水性上光", "UV满版上光" ], "type": "表面工艺", "cost_level": "低（比覆膜便宜 ⚠区间参考）", "cycle_impact": "基本不增加（联机上光随印随上）", "effect": [ "提升光泽度", "基础防刮擦防蹭脏", "保持纸张原始触感", "环保可回收" ], "usage": [ "画册内页", "包装盒", "说明书封面", "杂志", "食品包装" ], "notes": [ "保护性弱于覆膜", "哑油会轻微降低色彩饱和度", "深色大实地建议至少过油防蹭脏" ], "summary": "上光（过油）是在印刷品表面涂布一层透明光油的工艺，分亮光、哑光和专用油墨光油，成本低于覆膜且保持纸张可回收性，用于基础防护和光泽调整。", "faqs": [ { "q": "上光和覆膜怎么选？", "a": "要长期翻阅、防水耐磨选覆膜；只需防蹭脏、控制成本、保持环保可回收选上光。画册常见组合是封面覆膜+内页过油。食品包装优先水性上光。" }, { "q": "什么情况必须过油？", "a": "大面积深色实地（深蓝、黑、大红）印刷品在裁切、装订、运输中极易蹭脏划花，行业惯例是深色实地默认过油保护，费用很低但能避免大量质量纠纷。" }, { "q": "上光会让颜色变化吗？", "a": "亮油让色彩略微提亮增艳（效果弱于覆亮膜）；哑油会让色彩轻微变灰变柔。变化幅度不大，但对颜色严格的品牌项目建议在打样时连同上光一起打样确认。" } ], "updated": "2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z", "related_materials": [ "coated-paper" ], "related_process": [ "lamination", "spot-uv" ], "related_products": [ "brochure", "manual", "packaging-box" ], "related_wiki": [], "related_faq": [] } ] }